原发性高血压患者红细胞分布宽度与肾素活性、肱踝动脉脉搏波传导速度和颈动脉斑块的相关性

目的 探讨原发性高血压患者红细胞分布宽度(RDW)与血浆肾素活性、肱踝动脉脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)、颈动脉斑块的相关性.方法 连续入选河南省人民医院2016年1月至2019年11月确诊的原发性高血压患者531例.采用全自动血液细胞检测仪,测定RDW.根据RDW四分位数将患者分为四组,比较四组血浆肾素活性、baPWV、颈动脉斑块发生率的差异.结果 RDW 1～4四分位组立位肾素活性分别为0.6(0.3～1.6)、0.9(0.4～2.2)、1.4(0.3～2.7)、1.8(0.4～4.3)μg/(L·h);左侧baPWV分别为1476(1334～1682)、1498(1354～1703)、1568(1436～1754)、1612(1447～1834) cm/s,右侧baPWV分别为1514(1337～1694)、1504(1367～1727)、1576(1444～1802)、1612(1450～1843) cm/s;颈动脉斑块发生率分别为32.6％、43.8％、48.5％、54.0％;4组间比较,差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).相关性分析显示,RDW与立位肾素活性、baPWV(右侧)和baPWV(左侧)呈正相关(相关系数分别为0.229、0.224和0.243,均P＜0.01).颈动脉有斑块组RDW显著高于颈动脉无斑块组(P=0.001).采用偏相关分析校正24 h收缩压后,结果显示颈动脉斑块、立位肾素活性、右侧baPWV和左侧baPWV与RDW呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.095、0.194、0.158和0.152(均P＜0.01).结论 原发性高血压患者RDW与立位肾素活性、baPWV及颈动脉斑块呈正相关.     

Clinical therapeutic effects of probiotics in combination with antibiotics on periodontitis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Dental pain can have a detrimental effect on quality of life. Symptomatic apical periodontitis is the most common cause of dental pain and arise from an inflamed or necrotic dental pulp. There is growing evidence to support the effectiveness of probiotics in combination with antibiotics on periodontitis. We therefor will conduct this study to evaluate the clinical therapeutic effects of probiotics in combination with antibiotics on periodontitis.Methods:We will systematically search the following databases: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), and WanFang database. A grey literature search will be conducted using ZETOC Conference Proceedings and Open Grey. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to research on probiotics in combination with antibiotics to treatment patients with periodontitis will be included. All sources have to be searched from their inception to October 2020. Two authors will independently select studies, extract study data, and evaluate the quality of the included studies. We will use Review Manager Software (RevMan 5.3) to analyze data.Results:This study will systematically evaluate the clinical therapeutic effects of probiotics in combination with antibiotics on periodontitis.Conclusions:This study will generate evidence for a better clinical decision of patients with periodontitis.Registration number:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/QZ6SB (https://osf.io/qz6sb/).     

Diagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by Raman spectroscopy provides high efficiency: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:We aim to evaluate the efficiency of Raman spectroscopy (RS) in diagnosing suspected patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), manifested by diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.Methods:We will research widely the articles concerning the use of RS in ICC through authenticated database including PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Library, and CNKI between January 2012 and November 2020, retrieving at least 1500 spectra with strict criteria. This study will be carried out in accordance to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We are going to summarize the test performance using random effects models.Results:Based on the pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy, we intend to provide the relative diagnostic efficiency in ICC through RS.Conclusion:Through this systematic review and meta-analysis, we intend to provide the pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of RS in the diagnosis of suspected ICC. Other parameters like positive likelihood ratios (LR), negative LR, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under curve (AUC) of the summary receiver operating characteristics (SROC) curve will also be calculated and related figures will be drawn to help illustrate the efficacy of RS in the diagnosis of ICC.     

微视频在ICU气管套管带管出院患者家属健康教育中的应用

目的探讨应用微视频对ICU气管套管带管出院患者的家属实施健康教育的效果。方法选取2018年9月—2020年9月的100例气管套管带管出院患者的家属,根据随机数字表法将其随机分为对照组和试验组各50例,对照组实施常规健康教育和随访;试验组在此基础上将患者出院后面临的共性问题进行归纳总结,制定并应用微视频对其实施健康教育。分别比较两组患者家属在气管套管相关知识知晓率、气管套管护理操作的准确性以及患者气管切开并发症发生率之间的差异。结果试验组家属在气管套管相关知识的知晓率和护理技能的得分均高于对照组家属(P<0.05),但患者气管切开相关并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论应用微视频实施健康教育可有效提高ICU气管套管带管出院患者家属的管路护理水平,提高患者带管期间的安全性。     

不同年龄段勃起功能障碍患者的心理状况与人格特征分析

目的探讨不同年龄段勃起功能障碍(ED)患者心理状况的差异。方法回顾性分析郑州大学第三附属医院2018年7月至2019年7月收治的401例ED患者的临床资料。年龄20~60岁。将所有患者按年龄段分为4组:A组158例,年龄20~29岁;B组182例,年龄30~39岁;C组38例,年龄40~49岁;D组23例,年龄50~60岁。基于国际勃起功能评分表(IIEF-5)评估患者的勃起功能情况。采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)评估患者的敌对、焦虑、精神病性、恐怖、偏执、强迫、躯体化、人际关系、抑郁等9项心理状况。采用状态-特质焦虑量表(STAI)区分患者是否存在状态性或特质性的焦虑情绪。采用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)分析患者的人格类型。分析患者组与文献报道的全国常模组SCL-90、STAI和EPQ量表的差异。分析不同年龄组患者各项指标的差异。结果患者组SCL-90量表的敌对(1.64±0.67,t=4.81,P<0.001)、焦虑(1.58±0.66,t=6.83,P<0.001)、精神病性(1.62±0.68,t=11.87,P<0.001)、偏执(1.55±0.66,t=3.58,P<0.001)、强迫(1.95±0.70,t=9.56,P<0.001)、躯体化(1.43±0.58,t=2.10,P=0.036)、人际关系/敏感(1.74±0.74,t=2.79,P=0.005)、抑郁(1.66±0.74,t=4.50,P<0.001)等因子分,以及总分(1.53±0.63,t=3.07,P=0.002)均显著高于全国常模组。A、B、C、D组的人际关系/敏感得分差异有统计学意义(1.72±0.78、1.65±0.69、1.58±0.92、1.43±0.59,F=2.84,P=0.038)。患者组STAI量表的状态焦虑(t=7.35,P<0.001)、特质焦虑(t=6.31,P<0.001)等因子分和总分(t=8.41,P<0.001)均显著高于全国常模组,不同年龄组的状态焦虑(F=5.29,P=0.001)、特质焦虑(F=5.54,P<0.001)因子分和总分(F=5.66,P<0.001)差异有统计学意义。患者组的精神质(t=30.56,P<0.001)、情绪(t=45.94,P<0.001)、外倾-内倾(t=11.72,P<0.001)、掩饰性(t=29.16,P<0.001)等因子分和总分(t=30.56,P<0.001)均显著高于全国常模组。401例的人格类型分别为抑郁质183例(45.64%),胆汁质94例(23.44%),黏液质66例(16.46%),多血质58例(14.46%)。不同年龄组的抑郁质、胆汁质、黏液质、多血质人格类型分布分别为A组76、35、26、21例,B组87、40、32、23例,C组14、10、6、8例,D组6、9、2、6例,组间比较差异无统计学意义(χ^2=10.65,P=0.30)。结论ED患者存在一系列异常的情绪、躯体化的不适感,敏感的人际关系以及内向、情绪不稳定的人格特征;年龄越小的患者其焦虑情绪越严重,人际关系越敏感,可能与其内向的个性特征及情绪的不稳定性相关。     

生物指示剂用于压力蒸汽灭菌监测成本效益分析

目的选择合适的生物指示剂,降低医院灭菌运行成本,保障灭菌质量。方法使用48 h生物指示剂、3 h快速生物指示剂、1 h极速生物指示剂对2019年1月至2019年9月的灭菌循环进行监测。结果①该实验共使用48 h生物指示剂监测26次,使用3 h生物指示剂监测501次,使用1 h生物指示剂监测302次,试验管监测均为阴性,灭菌合格率达到100%。②三组监测方法单次监测费用比较,A组为46.47元,B组为53.33元;C组为49.51元。③A组对植入器械监测放行和其它两组比较有差异(P<0.05);B组和C组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对灭菌器的生物监测是灭菌物品质量的保障,合理选用生物指示剂类型,可以有效控制生物监测的成本,提高物品无菌保障,从环节上控制医院感染的发生。     

Optimize the management of urological tube-related emergencies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic

BackgroundTo introduce and determine the value of optimized strategies for the management of urological tube-related emergencies with increased incidence, complexity and operational risk during the global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsAll emergent urological patients at Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, during the period of January 23 (the beginning of lockdown in Wuhan) to March 23, 2020, and the corresponding period in 2019 were recruited to form this study’s COVID-19 group and control group, respectively. Tongji Hospital has the most concentrated and strongest Chinese medical teams to treat the largest number of severe COVID-19 patients. Patients in the control group were routinely treated, while patients in the COVID-19 group were managed following the optimized principles and strategies. The case incidence for each type of tube-related emergency was recorded. Baseline characteristics and management outcomes (surgery time, secondary complex operation rate, readmission rate, COVID-19 infection rate) were analyzed and compared across the control and COVID-19 periods.ResultsThe total emergent urological patients during the COVID-19 period was 42, whereas during the control period, it was 124. The incidence of tube-related emergencies increased from 53% to 88% (P<0.001) during the COVID-19 period. In particular, the incidence of nephrostomy tube-related (31% vs. 15%, P=0.027) and single-J stent-related problems (19% vs. 6%, P=0.009) increased significantly. The mean surgery times across the two periods were comparable. The number of secondary complex operations increased from 12 (18%) to 14 (38%) (P=0.028) during the COVID 19-period. The number of 2-week postoperative readmission decreased from 10 (15%) to 1 (3%) (P=0.049). No participants contracted during the COVID-19 period.ConclusionsUrological tube-related emergencies have been found to have a higher incidence and require more complicated and dangerous operations during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the optimized management strategies introduced in this study are efficient, and safe for both urologists and patients.     

2型糖尿病及其合并高血压高血脂患者四诊客观参数分析＊

目的 分析2型糖尿病及其合并高血压高血脂患者四诊特征参数，为该病证临床诊断提供四诊客观化指标。方法 使用中医生命信息分析系统（Smart TCM-I型）采集370例2型糖尿病患者的舌象、面象、声音及脉象信息，提取并分析该病四诊特征参数。结果 2型糖尿病及其合并高血压高血脂患者在整体舌色、面色参数RGB，声诊共振峰参数F3以及脉图时域参数h₃、h₅、h₅/h₁有显著性差异（P<0.05）。结论 高血压和高血脂将加重糖尿病的血瘀、虚损以及血管硬化，三高者病变程度最重。2型糖尿病及其合并高血压高血脂患者四诊客观参数具有显著差异性，为该病的中医诊断及疗效评价提供一定的客观依据。